If you use negative numbers, you need to use brackets for using with **
<?php
-1 ** 2; // -1
(-1) ** 2; // 1
?>
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
pow — 指数表达式
$base
, number $exp
) : number
返回 base 的
exp 次方的幂。如果可能，本函数会返回
integer。
baseThe base to use
exp指数
base 的
exp 次方的幂。
If both arguments are non-negative integers and the result can be represented
as an integer, the result will be returned with integer type,
otherwise it will be returned as a float.
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 4.2.0 |
如果不能计算幂，将发出一条警告，pow() 将返回 false。pow() 开始不产生任何的警告。
|
| 4.0.6 | 如果可能函数现在会返回 integer 的结果，之前 总是返回 float，For older versions, you may receive a bogus result for complex numbers. |
Example #1 pow() 的一些例子
<?php
var_dump(pow(2, 8)); // int(256)
echo pow(-1, 20); // 1
echo pow(0, 0); // 1
echo pow(-1, 5.5); // PHP >4.0.6 NAN
echo pow(-1, 5.5); // PHP <=4.0.6 1.#IND
?>
Note:
本函数会转换所有输入为数字，即使是非标量值，会导致怪异的（
weird）结果。
If you use negative numbers, you need to use brackets for using with **
<?php
-1 ** 2; // -1
(-1) ** 2; // 1
?>
funny thing
number_format(pow(2, 1023));
gives a long number
but number_format(pow(2, 1024));
gives inf
It is official now that you could use
<?php
2 ** 3; // 8
// instead of
pow(2, 3); // 8
?>
As of PHP 5.6.0alpha2, there is now an exponentiation operator. If this is kept in the final release, it may be worth noting here.
<?php
// These two will be equivalent as of PHP 5.6.0
$x = $y ** 2;
$x = pow($y, 2);
?>
Many notations use "^" as a power operator, but in PHP (and other C-based languages) that is actually the XOR operator. You need to use this 'pow' function, there is no power operator.
i.e. 3^2 means "3 XOR 2" not "3 squared".
It is particular confusing as when doing Pythagoras theorem in a 'closet points' algorithm using "^" you get results that look vaguely correct but with an error.
Note that pow(0, 0) equals to 1 although mathematically this is undefined.